错误描述：
在docker中更新pip或者使用pip安装任何的库等命令都会出现错误RuntimeError: can't start new thread，以下是更新pip时出错。
root@cd94f50c0ssd:/# pip install --upgrade pip
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (23.0.1)
Collecting pip
Downloading pip-23.2.1-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 0.0/2.1 MB ? eta -:--:--ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 160, in exc_logging_wrapper
status = run_func(*args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 247, in wrapper
return func(self, options, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 419, in run
requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/resolver.py", line 92, in resolve
result = self._result = resolver.resolve(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py", line 481, in resolve
state = resolution.resolve(requirements, max_rounds=max_rounds)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py", line 348, in resolve
self._add_to_criteria(self.state.criteria, r, parent=None)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py", line 172, in _add_to_criteria
if not criterion.candidates:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/structs.py", line 151, in __bool__
return bool(self._sequence)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/found_candidates.py", line 155, in __bool__
return any(self)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/found_candidates.py", line 143, in <genexpr>
return (c for c in iterator if id(c) not in self._incompatible_ids)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/found_candidates.py", line 97, in _iter_built_with_inserted
candidate = func()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/factory.py", line 206, in _make_candidate_from_link
self._link_candidate_cache[link] = LinkCandidate(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 297, in __init__
super().__init__(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 162, in __init__
self.dist = self._prepare()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 231, in _prepare
dist = self._prepare_distribution()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 308, in _prepare_distribution
return preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(self._ireq, parallel_builds=True)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 491, in prepare_linked_requirement
return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 536, in _prepare_linked_requirement
local_file = unpack_url(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 166, in unpack_url
file = get_http_url(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 107, in get_http_url
from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/download.py", line 147, in __call__
for chunk in chunks:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py", line 52, in _rich_progress_bar
with progress:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/progress.py", line 1169, in __enter__
self.start()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/progress.py", line 1160, in start
self.live.start(refresh=True)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/rich/live.py", line 132, in start
self._refresh_thread.start()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/threading.py", line 935, in start
_start_new_thread(self._bootstrap, ())
RuntimeError: can't start new thread
[notice] A new release of pip is available: 23.0.1 -> 23.2.1
[notice] To update, run: pip install --upgrade pip
问题解决：
如果使用pip安装任何库命令都会出错，那么问题应该是docker和python的版本不匹配。
根据docker的版本安装对应的python。
//docker 版本
[root@localhost mnt]# docker version
Client:
Version: 18.06.3-ce
API version: 1.38
Go version: go1.10.3
Git commit: 1111
Built: Wed Feb 20 02:26:51 2019
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
Server:
Engine:
Version: 18.06.3-ce
API version: 1.38 (minimum version 1.12)
Go version: go1.10.3
Git commit: 1111
Built: Wed Feb 20 02:28:17 2019
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
//python 选择3.6
root@03b484b84f2e:/# python -V
Python 3.6.15
python3.6 + docker 18.06.3 匹配版本之后，安装成功
root@03b484b84f2e:/# pip install pymysql
Collecting pymysql
Downloading PyMySQL-1.0.2-py3-none-any.whl (43 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 43 kB 26 kB/s
Installing collected packages: pymysql
Successfully installed pymysql-1.0.2
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv
WARNING: You are using pip version 21.2.4; however, version 21.3.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/usr/local/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.